Lab grown diamonds have transformed the jewelry industry, offering consumers a way to purchase genuine diamonds at a fraction of the traditional cost. But despite their growing popularity — lab grown diamonds now account for over 20% of the diamond jewelry market — many shoppers still have questions about what they are, how they're made, and whether they're truly "real" diamonds.
This comprehensive guide covers everything you need to know about lab grown diamonds, from the science behind their creation to practical advice on buying and caring for them.
What Are Lab Grown Diamonds?
Lab grown diamonds are real diamonds created in a controlled laboratory environment rather than mined from the earth. They have the exact same chemical composition (pure carbon atoms arranged in a crystal lattice), physical properties, and optical characteristics as natural diamonds. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) confirmed this in 2018, stating that lab grown diamonds are, in fact, diamonds.
The only difference between a lab grown diamond and a mined diamond is its origin. A gemologist cannot distinguish between the two using a jeweler's loupe or standard examination tools — specialized equipment is required to tell them apart.
Key Properties of Lab Grown Diamonds
| Property | Lab Grown Diamond | Natural Diamond |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Composition | Carbon (C) | Carbon (C) |
| Crystal Structure | Cubic | Cubic |
| Mohs Hardness | 10 | 10 |
| Refractive Index | 2.417 | 2.417 |
| Dispersion | 0.044 | 0.044 |
| Density | 3.52 g/cm³ | 3.52 g/cm³ |
| Thermal Conductivity | Excellent | Excellent |
How Lab Grown Diamonds Are Made
Lab grown diamonds are created using two primary methods, each with its own advantages and characteristics.
HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature)
The HPHT method replicates the natural conditions under which diamonds form deep within the earth's mantle. Here's how it works:
- Seed placement: A tiny diamond seed is placed in a press
- Carbon source: Pure carbon (often graphite) is placed around the seed
- Extreme conditions: The press applies pressure of approximately 5–6 GPa (5–6 million atmospheres) and temperatures of 1,400–1,600°C
- Crystal growth: The carbon dissolves and deposits onto the seed, growing layer by layer
- Completion: The process takes several days to weeks, depending on the desired size
HPHT diamonds tend to have fewer metallic inclusions and are often produced in the near-colorless to colorless range. However, they can sometimes show a slight blue or brown tint due to boron contamination during growth.
CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition)
CVD is a more modern method that builds diamonds atom by atom in a vacuum chamber:
- Seed placement: A thin diamond seed is placed in a vacuum chamber
- Gas introduction: A carbon-rich gas (typically methane) is pumped into the chamber
- Activation: Microwaves or other energy sources break the gas molecules apart, releasing carbon atoms
- Deposition: Carbon atoms rain down onto the seed, bonding to form a diamond crystal
- Growth: The process takes several weeks, producing a rough diamond that is then cut and polished
CVD diamonds can be grown in larger sizes and are often very pure, with fewer inclusions than HPHT diamonds. However, they may initially have a brown tint that requires post-growth treatment to remove.
HPHT vs CVD: Which Is Better?
| Factor | HPHT | CVD |
|---|---|---|
| Growth Time | Days to weeks | Weeks |
| Typical Clarity | VS–SI | VVS–VS |
| Color Range | D–K | D–M (with treatment) |
| Inclusion Type | Metallic | Non-metallic |
| Maximum Size | Up to ~10ct | Up to ~15ct+ |
| Cost | Moderate | Moderate |
Neither method is inherently "better" — both produce genuine diamonds. The choice between HPHT and CVD typically comes down to the specific characteristics of each individual stone rather than the method used.
Are Lab Grown Diamonds Real Diamonds?
This is the most common question we receive, and the answer is an unequivocal yes. Lab grown diamonds are real diamonds in every meaningful sense:
- Chemically identical: Both are pure carbon in a cubic crystal structure
- Physically identical: Same hardness, density, and thermal conductivity
- Optically identical: Same refractive index, dispersion, and brilliance
- Certifiable: Lab grown diamonds receive the same grading reports from major labs (GIA, IGI, AGS) as natural diamonds
The FTC ruled in 2018 that diamonds created in a laboratory are diamonds, not "simulants" or "imitations." The term "synthetic" is discouraged because it implies the stone is fake, which is not the case.
Diamond Simulants vs Lab Grown Diamonds
It's important to distinguish lab grown diamonds from diamond simulants:
| Lab Grown Diamond | Diamond Simulant (e.g., CZ, Moissanite) | |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Composition | Carbon | Various (SiC, ZrO₂, etc.) |
| Crystal Structure | Diamond cubic | Different |
| Hardness | 10 Mohs | 8–9.25 Mohs |
| Optical Properties | Identical to diamond | Different from diamond |
| Identification | Requires specialized equipment | Identifiable with basic tools |
For a broader comparison of diamond alternatives including simulants, see our guide on diamond alternatives.
Lab Grown Diamond Pricing
One of the most compelling aspects of lab grown diamonds is their pricing, which is typically 60% to 80% lower than natural diamonds of equivalent quality.
Price Comparison Table
| Carat Weight | Natural Diamond (G, VS1) | Lab Grown Diamond (G, VS1) | Savings |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.50 ct | 3,000 | 800 | ~70% |
| 0.75 ct | 4,500 | 1,200 | ~70% |
| 1.00 ct | 7,000 | 1,800 | ~75% |
| 1.50 ct | 11,000 | 3,000 | ~75% |
| 2.00 ct | 20,000 | 5,500 | ~75% |
| 3.00 ct | 45,000 | 12,000 | ~75% |
Prices are approximate and vary by cut, color, clarity, and market conditions.
Why Are Lab Grown Diamonds Cheaper?
The price difference comes down to supply chain efficiency:
- No mining costs: Eliminates expensive extraction operations
- Shorter supply chain: Fewer intermediaries between producer and consumer
- Scalable production: Technology improvements continue to lower production costs
- No scarcity premium: Natural diamonds carry a premium based on finite supply
Price Trends
Lab grown diamond prices have been steadily declining as production technology improves and economies of scale take effect. While this means lab grown diamonds may not hold their resale value as well as natural diamonds, the initial savings are so significant that most buyers find the trade-off worthwhile.
Grading Lab Grown Diamonds: The 4Cs
Lab grown diamonds are graded using the same 4Cs system as natural diamonds:
Cut
Cut is the most important factor in a diamond's appearance, as it determines how well the stone reflects light. Lab grown diamonds are cut to the same standards as natural diamonds, with Excellent and Ideal cuts offering the best brilliance. Learn more in our gemstone cut and brilliance guide.
Color
Lab grown diamonds are graded on the same D–Z color scale:
- D–F: Colorless (most valuable)
- G–J: Near-colorless (excellent value)
- K–M: Faint yellow
- N–Z: Very light to light yellow
Clarity
Clarity refers to the presence of internal inclusions and surface blemishes. Lab grown diamonds are graded on the same FL–I3 scale. CVD diamonds often achieve higher clarity grades due to their cleaner growth environment. For a detailed explanation, see our gemstone clarity grades guide.
Carat Weight
Lab grown diamonds are measured in carats, just like natural diamonds. One carat equals 200 milligrams. Because lab grown diamonds are more affordable, many buyers choose larger stones than they could with natural diamonds.
Certifications for Lab Grown Diamonds
Reputable lab grown diamonds should come with a grading report from a recognized gemological laboratory:
- GIA (Gemological Institute of America): The most prestigious lab, offering comprehensive grading reports for lab grown diamonds since 2007
- IGI (International Gemological Institute): The most common certifier for lab grown diamonds, known for thorough and consistent grading
- AGS (American Gem Society): Known for precise cut grading
- GCAL (Gem Certification & Assurance Lab): Offers direct-to-consumer grading with a unique serial number and diamond seal
A certification ensures that your diamond's quality claims are verified by an independent third party.
Environmental and Ethical Benefits
Environmental Impact
Lab grown diamonds have a significantly lower environmental footprint than mined diamonds:
| Factor | Mined Diamond | Lab Grown Diamond |
|---|---|---|
| Land Disturbed | ~100 sq ft per carat | Minimal |
| Water Used | ~126 gallons per carat | ~18 gallons per carat |
| Carbon Footprint | ~125 lbs CO₂ per carat | ~12 lbs CO₂ per carat |
| Energy Source | Diesel, heavy machinery | Electricity (can be renewable) |
Ethical Considerations
Lab grown diamonds eliminate concerns about:
- Conflict diamonds and funding of armed conflicts
- Unfair labor practices in mining communities
- Environmental degradation in mining regions
- Lack of supply chain transparency
How to Buy a Lab Grown Diamond
Step 1: Set Your Budget
Determine how much you're comfortable spending. Lab grown diamonds allow you to get a larger, higher-quality stone for your budget compared to natural diamonds. For budget guidance, read our engagement ring budget guide.
Step 2: Choose Your Priorities
Decide which of the 4Cs matter most to you. For most buyers, we recommend prioritizing:
- Cut (most impacts beauty)
- Color (aim for G–J for best value)
- Clarity (VS2–SI1 is the sweet spot)
- Carat (choose based on personal preference and budget)
Step 3: Select a Shape
Round brilliants offer maximum sparkle, but fancy shapes like oval, cushion, and emerald can appear larger and offer unique character. Explore trending shapes in our 2026 engagement ring trends guide.
Step 4: Verify Certification
Always insist on a grading report from GIA, IGI, or AGS. The certification should clearly state "laboratory-grown" and include a laser inscription on the diamond's girdle.
Step 5: Compare Options
Compare multiple diamonds within your criteria. Look at actual photos and videos when available, as two diamonds with the same grades can look different in person.
Caring for Lab Grown Diamonds
Lab grown diamonds require the same care as natural diamonds:
- Clean regularly: Soak in warm water with mild dish soap, then gently scrub with a soft toothbrush
- Avoid harsh chemicals: Remove jewelry before using household cleaners
- Store separately: Store in a soft pouch or separate compartment to prevent scratching other jewelry
- Professional cleaning: Have your jewelry professionally cleaned and inspected annually
- Avoid impact: While diamonds are the hardest natural material, they can still chip if struck at the right angle
Lab Grown Diamond Colors: Fancy Colors
One of the most exciting developments in lab grown diamond technology is the ability to create fancy colored diamonds — stones with vivid, natural-looking colors that are extraordinarily rare and expensive in nature.
How Colored Lab Diamonds Are Made
Colored lab grown diamonds are created by introducing specific trace elements during the growth process:
| Color | Causing Element | Growth Method | Rarity (Natural) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yellow | Nitrogen | HPHT or CVD | Common (1 in 10,000) |
| Blue | Boron | HPHT | Rare (1 in 200,000) |
| Pink | Crystal lattice distortion (irradiation) | CVD + post-treatment | Very rare (1 in 1,000,000) |
| Green | Radiation exposure | CVD + irradiation | Extremely rare |
| Red | Severe lattice distortion | CVD + treatment | Ultra rare (<30 known) |
Price Comparison: Natural vs Lab Grown Colored Diamonds
| Color | Natural (1ct) | Lab Grown (1ct) | Savings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yellow | 20,000 | 4,000 | 70–80% |
| Blue | 200,000 | 15,000 | 85–92% |
| Pink | 500,000+ | 25,000 | 90–95% |
Colored lab grown diamonds make previously unattainable colors accessible. A vivid blue or pink diamond — once reserved for royalty and billionaires — can now be purchased for the price of a standard white diamond.
Lab Grown Diamonds vs. Moissanite: Which Is Right for You?
While both lab grown diamonds and moissanite are excellent diamond alternatives, they serve different needs:
| Factor | Lab Grown Diamond | Moissanite |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical composition | Carbon (diamond) | Silicon carbide |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 10 | 9.25 |
| Refractive index | 2.417 | 2.65–2.69 |
| Dispersion (fire) | 0.044 | 0.104 |
| Price (1ct equivalent) | 2,500 | 600 |
| Diamond authenticity | Yes — real diamond | No — diamond alternative |
| Brilliance | Excellent | Exceptional (higher than diamond) |
| Fire | Good | Exceptional (2.4x diamond) |
Choose lab grown diamond if: You want a genuine diamond with diamond authenticity
Choose moissanite if: You want maximum brilliance and fire at the lowest price
Explore both options in our diamond alternatives comparison.
Common Myths About Lab Grown Diamonds
Myth 1: "Lab grown diamonds are fake"
Reality: Lab grown diamonds are chemically, physically, and optically identical to natural diamonds. The FTC confirms they are real diamonds.
Myth 2: "Lab grown diamonds are lower quality"
Reality: Lab grown diamonds are graded on the same 4Cs scale as natural diamonds and are available in all quality grades, from I3 to Flawless.
Myth 3: "Lab grown diamonds cloud over time"
Reality: Lab grown diamonds are permanent and will never cloud, fade, or change color. They have the same chemical stability as natural diamonds.
Myth 4: "Lab grown diamonds have no resale value"
Reality: While resale values are lower than natural diamonds percentage-wise, the absolute dollar loss is often smaller because the initial purchase price is much lower.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do lab grown diamonds look different from natural diamonds?
No. Lab grown diamonds look identical to natural diamonds. Even professional gemologists cannot distinguish them without specialized testing equipment that detects differences in trace elements or growth patterns.
Will lab grown diamonds lose their value?
Lab grown diamonds typically depreciate more than natural diamonds, similar to how a new car depreciates. However, since you're paying 60–80% less upfront, the absolute dollar loss is often smaller. If resale value is a primary concern, natural diamonds may be a better choice. For a detailed comparison, see our lab diamond vs natural diamond guide.
Can lab grown diamonds be insured?
Yes, lab grown diamonds can be insured through standard jewelry insurance policies. Premiums are typically lower than for natural diamonds because the replacement cost is lower.
How long do lab grown diamonds last?
Lab grown diamonds last forever. They are genuine diamonds with the same hardness and durability as natural diamonds. They will not cloud, fade, or deteriorate over time.
Are lab grown diamonds available in colored varieties?
Yes, lab grown diamonds are available in fancy colors including yellow, blue, pink, and green. Colored lab grown diamonds are significantly more affordable than natural colored diamonds, which are extremely rare and expensive.
Conclusion
Lab grown diamonds represent one of the most significant shifts in the jewelry industry's history. They offer the beauty, durability, and authenticity of natural diamonds at a fraction of the cost, with added environmental and ethical benefits. Whether you're shopping for an engagement ring, wedding band, or fine jewelry, lab grown diamonds provide an compelling option that doesn't compromise on quality.
By understanding how they're made, how they're graded, and what to look for when buying, you can make an informed decision and find a diamond that's perfect for your style, budget, and values.
Explore our collection of lab grown diamond and moissanite jewelry to find the perfect piece for your next milestone.